Labour Market Dynamics in West Bengal: Evidence from PLFS 2023–24

Abstract

This study examines the determinants of labour force participation (LFP) in West Bengal using unit-level data from the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2023–24. Employing a logistic regression model separately for rural and urban populations, the analysis investigates the influence of age, education, caste, marital status, household type, and economic status on the probability of workforce engagement. The findings indicate a mid-life peak in LFP, with higher educational attainment positively associated with participation. While illiteracy significantly reduces the likelihood of labour market entry. Caste continues to shape employment outcomes, with Scheduled Castes and Tribes displaying higher participation, particularly in rural areas. Marital status, especially widowhood, and upper household economic well-being (measured via MPCE) exhibit negative association with LFP. Results suggests socioeconomic privilege may reduce work incentives. The study also highlights the need for regionally differentiated and socially inclusive employment strategies, particularly those targeting informal sector vulnerabilities and gender-based constraints in labour market access.